Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify potential risk factors, which considered continuous data for age, BMI, TG, and TC and binary data for gender (male and female), alcohol consumption (abused and non-abused), smoking (yes and never), and iodized salt (yes and no)

Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify potential risk factors, which considered continuous data for age, BMI, TG, and TC and binary data for gender (male and female), alcohol consumption (abused and non-abused), smoking (yes and never), and iodized salt (yes and no). which considered continuous data for age, BMI, TG, and TC and binary data for gender (male and female), alcohol consumption (abused and non-abused), smoking (yes and RPH-2823 never), and iodized salt (yes and no). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated via the logistic regression model. A two-sided?values were calculated by Students t test, MannCWhitney U test, 2 test. values for nonlinearity of 0.157 and 0.722 for TPOAb and TgAb, respectively (Fig.?1, ?,CC&D). Associations were also adjusted for the covariates mentioned above. Open in a separate window Fig. 1 Association between magnesium and thyroid antibodies. A Mg quartiles and TPOAb by logistic regression analysis; B Mg and TgAb by logistic regression analysis; C Mg and TPOAb by RCS; D Mg and TgAb by RCS. All analyses were adjusted for age, gender, BMI, smoking, drinking, HbA1c, iodized salt intake, TG, TC. BMI, body mass index; TPOAb, thyroid peroxidase antibodies; TgAb, thyroglobulin antibodies; TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; RCS, restricted cubic spline regression analysis Association between Fe and thyroid immunity Fe was also divided into quartiles (Supplemental Table 3). The following were higher in quartile 4, compared with quartile 1: percentage of men, BMI, TG, TC, LDL, percentage of smokers, percentage of alcohol drinkers?and FT3. However, significant reductions were shown for age,?HDL, TSH level?and TPOAb positivity. For TPOAb, the logistic analysis showed that, for Fe, the ORs of quartiles 2 and 3 were lowered, respectively, to 0.407 (95% CI 0.227C0.729) and 0.528 (95% CI 0.294C0.952), but quartile 4 was not statistically different than quartile 1 (Fig.?2). For TgAb, there were no significant differences among the Fe quartiles. The RCS analysis after adjustment indicated nonlinear associations between Fe and TPOAb and TgAb positivity (for nonlinearity?RPH-2823 TG, TC. BMI, body mass RPH-2823 index; TPOAb, thyroid peroxidase antibodies; TgAb, thyroglobulin antibodies; TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; RCS, restricted cubic spline regression analysis Discussion This study investigated associations between thyroid autoimmunity and blood metal element profiles (Mg, Fe, Ca, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Pb) in a community-based population. It was found that Mg and Fe were, respectively, and significantly inversely correlated with serum TPOAb and TgAb levels, especially in women of reproductive age, after corrections for age, gender, BMI, smoking status, alcohol intake, iodized salt intake, HbA1c, TG, and TC. In addition, logistic regression and RCS analyses showed that serum Fe correlated RPH-2823 with TPOAb/TgAb positivity in a nonlinear manner, while Mg linearly correlated with these thyroiditis-associated antibodies. These unexpected results indicate that monitoring serum metal levels and adequate supplementation of Mg and Fe may be beneficial for prevention of AIT, especially for women of reproductive age. The diagnostic sensitivities of TPOAb and TgAb for AIT are about 85% to 90%. Both of them have high specificity in humans and high affinity to their antigen epitopes (Beever et al. 1989), albeit low titer can be found in other autoimmune diseases (Barker et al. 2005). Patients with AIT tend to be positive for both FN1 TPOAb and TgAb, which is consistent with the data of the present cohort. Furthermore, upon stimulation, these two antibodies fluctuate in a parallel manner. The prevalence of positive TPOAb and TgAb in the present study was 16.8% and 13.7%, respectively, which is comparable to previous data in China (Li et al. 2020). Compared to TgAb, TPOAb is considered the better marker of AIT. The titer of TPOAb closely correlates to lymphocyte infiltration in the thyroid gland and abnormal thyroid.